Synthetic , artificial substances that are created by human production, not natural ways are called. There are too many artificial products in our lives through industry and science. E.g; plastic products and medicines are synthetic. Access to synthetic products is easier, as they are cheaper and more accessible than natural raw materials.
Synthetic dyes, synthetic hair, synthetic leather, synthetic fabrics, fuels, synthetic jewelery easily find a place in our lives. As a matter of fact, products obtained by natural means such as glass also have synthetics. In this content, we take a closer look at examples of synthetic products in different fields.
Industrial Synthetic Substances
We use many artificial products produced with chemical components or plastic, which is a petroleum product, in every corner of our daily lives. It is quite normal in our age to be exposed to and use so many artificial substances during the day. Let’s take a closer look at some of the artificial substances used in major industrial areas.
Synthetic Paint
Roots are the primary coloring matter found in nature. These dyes are organic dyes. Its durability is low, it can be dispersed with water. The situation is different with artificial dyes. Pigments obtained by chemical processes vary according to their purpose. Paints such as cosmetic hair dyes, wall paints, oil paint used for artistic purposes are largely artificial.
Synthetic Fabric
Threads obtained from animal hairs or plant fibers are turned into fabric. The same process applies to synthetic yarns. Naturally obtained yarns can also be turned into artificial ones by chemical processes. Fabrics such as viscose, combed cotton, latex can be considered as examples of artificial fabrics.
Gem
Natural stones used for jewelry can also be produced artificially. The synthetic of the diamond, which is especially valuable due to its scarcity in nature, is quite common. Diamonds, which are far below the price of diamonds, are often artificial.
Faux Leather
Artificial leathers obtained from polyurethane have a very permanent place in the textile industry. Apart from shoes, accessories, bags and clothes, it is also used for furniture coatings.
Hair and Nail
With the expansion of cosmetic services, artificial hair and nail production has become a commonplace nowadays. Additional hair and wigs used to lengthen the hair can be produced synthetically. Likewise, the gel nails preferred by manicurists are also artificial.
Fuel
Artificial crude oil has the same structure as the crude oil extracted from the well. Petroleum derivatives such as diesel, gasoline and kerosene are produced by refining. Artificial crude oil production is not an environmentally friendly method. During its production, quite a lot of carbon dioxide is released.
A gas mixture is obtained when natural gas, coal, biomass and urban wastes, which are used as raw materials, are exposed to very high temperatures and pressures. This mixture is liquefied by removing harmful gases and condensing it. The liquefied gas is reacted again with heat and pressure with the help of catalysts. After various processes, gasoline, diesel, industrial oils, etc. is produced.
Plastic
Since plastic is not found in nature, it is currently artificial. It is obtained by human intervention of elements found in nature. Plastic is cheaper than other raw materials. They are often preferred because they are fast and easy to manufacture. It is used in many sectors such as packaging industry, white goods, automotive, construction, electronics and medical.
Another Field Dependent on Synthetic Substances: Science
The role of science in synthetic production is an inevitable reality. Although it is not known that it is in the middle of life, the concept of synthetic is visible in the center of our lives thanks to science.
elements
Elements that do not occur naturally on Earth or are found in trace amounts have been obtained through experiments. Thirty-five elements in the periodic table are artificially produced. An example of these later elements; plutonium can be given.
chemical
Chemical synthesis is the use of chemical reactions to produce one or more products. It can be inorganic or organic. An example in our daily life; It is the use of substances obtained by chemical synthesis in the contents of detergents and cosmetics that we frequently use.
Biology
Synthetic biology is a multidisciplinary field of research that aims to create new biological parts, devices and systems, or to redesign systems already found in nature. Biological computers, biosensors, GMOs and vaccines are examples of what this discipline has produced.
Pharmaceutical Industry
The pharmaceutical industry is the first sector that comes to mind when it comes to artificial production. Obtaining substances found in nature or produced artificially, and another artificial product (ie drugs) by chemical means takes place in this sector. In summary, synthetic is the imitation of substances found in nature and the production of substances that are not found in nature.
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