{"id":174358,"date":"2022-02-01T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-02-01T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ceotudent.com\/?p=174358"},"modified":"2022-01-16T21:13:40","modified_gmt":"2022-01-16T18:13:40","slug":"mental-models-how-to-train-your-brain-to-think-in-other-ways","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ceotudent.com\/en\/mental-models-how-to-train-your-brain-to-think-in-other-ways","title":{"rendered":"Mental Models: How to Train Your Brain to Think in Other Ways"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"line nText \">You can train your brain to think better. One of the best ways to do this is to expand the set of mental models you use to think. Let me explain what I mean by sharing a story about a world-class thinker.<\/div>\n<div class=\"line nText\">While reading a story about the famous physicist <a class=\"ceo-tooltip-top\" href=\"https:\/\/ceotudent.com\/sinavlar-yaklasirken-kolayca-ogren-hemen-hatirla-iste-feynman-teknigi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" aria-label=\"https:\/\/ceotudent.com\/sinavlar-yaklasirken-kolayca-ogren-hemen-hatirla-iste-feynman-teknigi\">Richard Feynman<\/a> , I first discovered what a mental model is and how useful the right one can be. Feynman earned his BA from MIT and his PhD from Princeton. During this time, he gained notoriety by entering the math department and solving problems that brilliant PhD students couldn&#8217;t.<\/div>\n<div class=\"line nText\">When people asked how he did it, Feynman claimed that his secret weapon wasn&#8217;t his intelligence, but a strategy he learned in high school. According to Feynman, his high school physics teacher asked him to stay after class one day and offered something.<\/div>\n<div class=\"line nText\">\u201cFeynman,\u201d said the teacher, \u201cyou talk too much and make too much noise. I know why. You are bored. So I will give you a book. Go to the back, in the corner and read this book, and when you know everything in this book, you can start talking again. \u201d<\/div>\n<div class=\"line nText\">Thus, Feynman would go to the back of the class every day and study the &#8220;Advanced Calculus by Woods&#8221; book, and the rest of the class would continue with regular lectures. And while reading this old math textbook, Feynman began to develop his own mental models.<\/div>\n<div class=\"nImage\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ceotudent.com\/wp-content\/images\/post\/user-5\/4j3ke7.jpg\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"line nText\">Feynman describes this process as follows:<\/div>\n<div class=\"line nText\">\n<blockquote><p>\u201cThis book showed how to distinguish parameters under the sign of Integral. Universities don&#8217;t really teach that. But I understood how to use this method and used it over and over again. So, using this book, I developed special self-taught methods for solving integrals. \u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"line nText\">\n<blockquote><p>\u201cWhen kids at MIT or Princeton had trouble solving Integrals, they wouldn&#8217;t be able to do it with the standard methods they learned in school. So I got a great reputation for solving Integrals just because my toolbox was different from everyone else&#8217;s and they tried all the tools they had before they gave me the problem. \u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"line nText\">Every PhD student at <a class=\"ceo-tooltip-top\" href=\"https:\/\/ceotudent.com\/?s=Princeton\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" aria-label=\"https:\/\/ceotudent.com\/?s=Princeton\">Princeton<\/a> and at MIT is excellent. It was not always his obedience to raw knowledge that set Feynman apart from his peers. This is how he saw the problem. He had a wider array of mental models.<\/div>\n<p><amp-ad width=\"100vw\" height=\"320\" type=\"adsense\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-1787826683754973\" data-ad-slot=\"9068969645\" data-auto-format=\"rspv\" data-full-width=\"\"><\/p>\n<div overflow=\"\"><\/div>\n<p><\/amp-ad><\/p>\n<div class=\"line nHR\">\n<hr>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"line nText\">\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_84 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/ceotudent.com\/en\/mental-models-how-to-train-your-brain-to-think-in-other-ways\/#What-is-the-Mental-Model-Mental-Model\" >What is the Mental Model? (Mental Model)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/ceotudent.com\/en\/mental-models-how-to-train-your-brain-to-think-in-other-ways\/#The-Secret-to-Thinking-Big-and-Making-Decisions\" >The Secret to Thinking Big and Making Decisions<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/ceotudent.com\/en\/mental-models-how-to-train-your-brain-to-think-in-other-ways\/#Expanding-Your-Set-of-Mental-Models\" >Expanding Your Set of Mental Models<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/ceotudent.com\/en\/mental-models-how-to-train-your-brain-to-think-in-other-ways\/#In-Search-of-Liquid-Knowledge\" >In Search of Liquid Knowledge<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What-is-the-Mental-Model-Mental-Model\"><\/span>What is the Mental Model? (Mental Model)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"nImage coverImage\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ceotudent.com\/wp-content\/images\/post\/user-5\/thnmvs.jpg\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"line nText\">A mental model is a description of how something works. It is a concept, framework, or worldview that you carry in your mind to help you interpret the world and understand the relationship between things. Mental models hold deep beliefs about how the world works.<\/div>\n<div class=\"line nText\">For example, supply and demand is a mental model that helps you understand how the economy works. Game theory is a mental model that helps you understand how relationships and trust work.<\/div>\n<div class=\"line nText\">Mental models guide your perception and behavior. They are the thinking tools you use to understand life, <a class=\"ceo-tooltip-top\" href=\"https:\/\/ceotudent.com\/10-10-10-kurali\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" aria-label=\"https:\/\/ceotudent.com\/10-10-10-kurali\">make decisions<\/a> , and solve problems. Learning a new mental model offers a new way to see the world. Just like Richard Feynman learning a new <a class=\"ceo-tooltip-top\" href=\"https:\/\/ceotudent.com\/?s=matematik\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" aria-label=\"https:\/\/ceotudent.com\/?s=matematik\">math<\/a> technique.<\/div>\n<div class=\"line nText\">Mental models are flawed but useful. For example, in the fields of physics or engineering, the flawless functioning of the entire universe is explained by more than one mental model. But mental models have allowed us to build bridges and roads, develop new technologies, and even travel into space. As historian and author Yuval Noah Harari puts it:<\/div>\n<div class=\"line nText\">\n<blockquote><p>\u201cScientists agree that no theory is 100 percent correct. So the true test of knowledge is not real, but useful.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"line nText\">The best mental models are the ideas that are most useful. They are widely useful in everyday life. Understanding these concepts helps you make smarter choices and take better action. Developing a broad base of mental models is therefore essential for anyone who wants to think clearly, rationally and effectively.<\/div>\n<p><amp-ad width=\"100vw\" height=\"320\" type=\"adsense\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-1787826683754973\" data-ad-slot=\"9068969645\" data-auto-format=\"rspv\" data-full-width=\"\"><\/p>\n<div overflow=\"\"><\/div>\n<p><\/amp-ad><\/p>\n<div class=\"line nHR\">\n<hr>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"line nText\">\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The-Secret-to-Thinking-Big-and-Making-Decisions\"><\/span>The Secret to Thinking Big and Making Decisions<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"nImage\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ceotudent.com\/wp-content\/images\/post\/user-5\/4rna69.jpg\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"line nText\">Expanding your mental model set is something to work on. We all have our favorite mental models that we bring as explanations for how or why something happens. As you get older and develop expertise in a particular field, you tend to support the mental models that are most familiar to you.<\/div>\n<div class=\"line nText\">The problem is this: If a certain worldview dominates your thoughts, you will try to explain every problem you encounter in the worldview.<\/div>\n<div class=\"line nText\">The more you master a single mental model, the more likely that mental model will turn into a collapse because you start applying it indiscriminately to every problem. What appears to be expertise is often a limitation. As a proverb says:<\/div>\n<div class=\"line nText\">\n<blockquote><p>\u201cWhen all you have is a hammer, everything is like a nail.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"line nText\">Let&#8217;s take this example from biologist Robert Sapolsky. \u201cWhy did the chicken cross the road?\u201d she asked. Then came answers from different experts.<\/div>\n<div class=\"line nText\">\u25cf If you ask an evolutionary biologist, he might say, \u201cThe chicken crossed the road because it saw a potential mate on the other side.\u201d<\/div>\n<div class=\"line nText\">\u25cf If you ask a kinesiologist, he might say, \u201cThe chicken crossed the road because the muscles in the leg contracted and pulled the leg bone forward with each step.\u201d<\/div>\n<div class=\"line nText\">\u25cf If you ask a neuroscientist, he might say, \u201cThe chicken crossed the road because the neurons in the chickens&#8217; brains activated and triggered the movement.\u201d<\/div>\n<div class=\"line nText\">Technically speaking, these experts are all right. But no one sees the whole picture. Each individual mental model is just one aspect of reality. The difficulties and situations we face in life cannot be explained by just one thing.<\/div>\n<div class=\"line nText\">All perspectives capture some truth. But none of them completely contain the truth.<\/div>\n<div class=\"line nText\">Relying on a narrow thinking set is like putting on a mental straitjacket. Your cognitive range of motion is limited. When your mental models are limited, so is your potential to find a solution. To unlock your full potential, you have to assemble mental models. Thus, the secret to big thinking is to learn various mental models and make them work.<\/div>\n<p><amp-ad width=\"100vw\" height=\"320\" type=\"adsense\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-1787826683754973\" data-ad-slot=\"9068969645\" data-auto-format=\"rspv\" data-full-width=\"\"><\/p>\n<div overflow=\"\"><\/div>\n<p><\/amp-ad><\/p>\n<div class=\"line nHR\">\n<hr>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"line nText\">\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Expanding-Your-Set-of-Mental-Models\"><\/span>Expanding Your Set of Mental Models<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"nImage\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ceotudent.com\/wp-content\/images\/post\/user-5\/nr7dfi.jpeg\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"line nText\">The process of accumulating mental models is like developing your vision. Each eye can see something by itself. But if you protect one of them, you will lose part of the scene. It is impossible to see the whole picture with one eye.<\/div>\n<div class=\"line nText\">Similarly, mental models provide an internal view of how the world works. We must constantly upgrade and improve the quality of this painting. That means <a class=\"ceo-tooltip-top\" href=\"https:\/\/ceotudent.com\/?s=okumak\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" aria-label=\"https:\/\/ceotudent.com\/?s=okumak\">reading<\/a> widely from the best books, studying the basics of seemingly unrelated areas, and learning from people with wildly different life experiences.<\/div>\n<p><script async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script><br \/>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-1787826683754973\" data-ad-slot=\"8276300176\"><\/ins><br \/>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script><\/p>\n<div class=\"line nText\">The mind&#8217;s eye needs a variety of mental models to put together a complete picture of how the world works. The more resources you have to use, the clearer your thinking becomes. As the philosopher Alain de Botton put it:<\/div>\n<div class=\"line nText\">\n<blockquote><p>\u201cThe archenemy of good decisions is a lack of perspective on the problem.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n<p><amp-ad width=\"100vw\" height=\"320\" type=\"adsense\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-1787826683754973\" data-ad-slot=\"9068969645\" data-auto-format=\"rspv\" data-full-width=\"\"><\/p>\n<div overflow=\"\"><\/div>\n<p><\/amp-ad><\/p>\n<div class=\"line nHR\">\n<hr>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"line nText\">\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In-Search-of-Liquid-Knowledge\"><\/span>In Search of Liquid Knowledge<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"nImage\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ceotudent.com\/wp-content\/images\/post\/user-5\/kmay42.png\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"line nText\">In school, we tend to divide knowledge into different compartments (biology, economics, history, physics, philosophy). In the real world, information is rarely broken down into neatly defined categories. To <a class=\"ceo-tooltip-top\" href=\"https:\/\/ceotudent.com\/en\/alintilar-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" aria-label=\"https:\/\/ceotudent.com\/kategori\/alintilar\">quote<\/a> Charlie Munger:<\/div>\n<div class=\"line nText\">\n<blockquote><p>&#8220;All the wisdom of the world is not found in a small academic faculty.&#8221;<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"line nText\">Top-notch thinkers are often uncategorized thinkers. They avoid looking at life through the lens of a subject. Instead, they develop what is called &#8220;fluid knowledge&#8221; that flows easily from one subject to another.<\/div>\n<div class=\"line nText\">That&#8217;s why it&#8217;s important not just to learn new mental models, but to think about how they connect with each other. Creativity and innovation often occur at the intersection of ideas. By identifying connections between various mental models, you can identify solutions that most people overlook.<\/div>\n<div class=\"line nText\">Source.<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>You can train your brain to think better. One of the best ways to do this is to expand the set of mental models you use to think. Let me explain what I mean by sharing a story about a world-class thinker. While reading a story about the famous physicist Richard Feynman , I first&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":26164,"featured_media":133103,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17209],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-174358","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-self-improvement"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ceotudent.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/174358","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ceotudent.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ceotudent.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ceotudent.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/26164"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ceotudent.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=174358"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ceotudent.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/174358\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ceotudent.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/133103"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ceotudent.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=174358"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ceotudent.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=174358"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ceotudent.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=174358"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}